Here is another teacher's site that contains good information on all of the topics covered on the AP test: http://wchs.woodfordschools.org/apreview/default.htm
And another one: http://home.mindspring.com/~j-squared/apreviewsite/ (review links on the left hand side of the site)
Check them out!
Wednesday, April 13, 2011
Wednesday, April 6, 2011
Focus Questions pp.583-605
Before Reading
1. Why are you friends with your friends?
2. Do you think men or women are more influenced by looks when seeking out a romantic partner? Why?
3. What are the benefits and drawbacks for people who are considered to be really attractive?
During Reading
1. Describe the factors that contribute to interpersonal attraction.
2. What is the expectancy-value theory?
3. Describe cognitive dissonance. Do you think any students at CBCP have experienced cognitive dissonance? Why or why not?
4. Do you think cognitive dissonance depends on a person's age or any other factors?
5. A person believes that homeless people are just lazy, and they could get jobs if they wanted to. Explain how this person is exhibiting fundamental attribution error.
6. What is the connection between self-serving bias and the locus of control (personality unit)?
7. What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination?
8. Explain scapegoating. Think of another example (not one listed in the book) that displays scapegoating.
9. What is deindividuation? Describe a real-life application of it (you may not use the one that is described in the book).
10. Summarize the "Robbers Cave."
After Reading
1. Read the chapter summary on p.603.
2. Take the Review Test (pp.603-604). Record your score.
3. Take the vocabulary review test (p.605). Record your score.
2.
1. Why are you friends with your friends?
2. Do you think men or women are more influenced by looks when seeking out a romantic partner? Why?
3. What are the benefits and drawbacks for people who are considered to be really attractive?
During Reading
1. Describe the factors that contribute to interpersonal attraction.
2. What is the expectancy-value theory?
3. Describe cognitive dissonance. Do you think any students at CBCP have experienced cognitive dissonance? Why or why not?
4. Do you think cognitive dissonance depends on a person's age or any other factors?
5. A person believes that homeless people are just lazy, and they could get jobs if they wanted to. Explain how this person is exhibiting fundamental attribution error.
6. What is the connection between self-serving bias and the locus of control (personality unit)?
7. What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination?
8. Explain scapegoating. Think of another example (not one listed in the book) that displays scapegoating.
9. What is deindividuation? Describe a real-life application of it (you may not use the one that is described in the book).
10. Summarize the "Robbers Cave."
After Reading
1. Read the chapter summary on p.603.
2. Take the Review Test (pp.603-604). Record your score.
3. Take the vocabulary review test (p.605). Record your score.
2.
Monday, April 4, 2011
Stanford Prison Experiment
Intrigued by the Stanford Prison Experiment? Check out the following website: http://www.prisonexp.org/
Focus Questions pp.565-583
Before Reading
1. Which does social psychology emphasize: nature or nurture? Explain.
2. According to Freud, what is the most critical time period in a person's life? (i.e., When does a person's environment affect one's development the most?)
3. Have you ever given into social pressure or seen someone else give in to social pressure? (i.e., A person does something because everyone else is doing it.)
4. What is the difference among authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive parenting styles?
5. Describe the ethics involved in experimental research.
During Reading
1. Summarize the Stanford prison experiment. Do you think this experiment was ethical?
2. Discuss two of your social roles. How do social norms influence your behavior in these roles?
3. Describe Asch's experiment. Connect the findings of his experiment to the concept of conformity.
4. What major factors produce conformity? Have you seen these factors at work in your own personal life?
5. What is groupthink?
6. Describe Milgram's obedience experiment. Do you think it would be possible to replicate this experiment in the present day?
7. What conditions promote obedience?
8. Describe how the case of Kitty Genovese demonstrates the bystander effect/diffusion of responsibility.
9. What conditions promote bystander intervention?
After Reading
1. Which social psychology experiment that you read about in this chapter is the most telling (or surprising, insightful, interesting) to you? Why?
2. What is the difference between groupthink and diffusion of responsibility?
3. What is conformity?
1. Which does social psychology emphasize: nature or nurture? Explain.
2. According to Freud, what is the most critical time period in a person's life? (i.e., When does a person's environment affect one's development the most?)
3. Have you ever given into social pressure or seen someone else give in to social pressure? (i.e., A person does something because everyone else is doing it.)
4. What is the difference among authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive parenting styles?
5. Describe the ethics involved in experimental research.
During Reading
1. Summarize the Stanford prison experiment. Do you think this experiment was ethical?
2. Discuss two of your social roles. How do social norms influence your behavior in these roles?
3. Describe Asch's experiment. Connect the findings of his experiment to the concept of conformity.
4. What major factors produce conformity? Have you seen these factors at work in your own personal life?
5. What is groupthink?
6. Describe Milgram's obedience experiment. Do you think it would be possible to replicate this experiment in the present day?
7. What conditions promote obedience?
8. Describe how the case of Kitty Genovese demonstrates the bystander effect/diffusion of responsibility.
9. What conditions promote bystander intervention?
After Reading
1. Which social psychology experiment that you read about in this chapter is the most telling (or surprising, insightful, interesting) to you? Why?
2. What is the difference between groupthink and diffusion of responsibility?
3. What is conformity?
Wednesday, March 30, 2011
Focus Questions pp.542-562
Hi everyone,
I decided to condense tonight's focus questions into a brief list. Ensure that your explanations are thorough.
1. Describe rational-emotive behavior therapy. What is it? What is the point? Provide your own example of REBT.
2. Who is Eysenck, and how would psychology be different without his contribution?
3. What are the benefits and "costs" (drawbacks) to antipsychotic drugs (tranquilizers)?
4. Describe how antidepressant and antianxiety drugs work.
5. In what cases do doctors prescribe stimulants as treatment?
6. Describe the types of psychosurgery. In what cases is psychosurgery a good option?
7. What is ECT and when is it used? Is it effective?
8. What is the difference between deinstitutionalization and the community mental health movement?
9. Summarize the warnings (cautions) provided at the end of the chapter.
10. Read the chapter summary, take the practice review test and answer the vocabulary review questions (p.562). How did you do? Record your answers and score on your paper.
I decided to condense tonight's focus questions into a brief list. Ensure that your explanations are thorough.
1. Describe rational-emotive behavior therapy. What is it? What is the point? Provide your own example of REBT.
2. Who is Eysenck, and how would psychology be different without his contribution?
3. What are the benefits and "costs" (drawbacks) to antipsychotic drugs (tranquilizers)?
4. Describe how antidepressant and antianxiety drugs work.
5. In what cases do doctors prescribe stimulants as treatment?
6. Describe the types of psychosurgery. In what cases is psychosurgery a good option?
7. What is ECT and when is it used? Is it effective?
8. What is the difference between deinstitutionalization and the community mental health movement?
9. Summarize the warnings (cautions) provided at the end of the chapter.
10. Read the chapter summary, take the practice review test and answer the vocabulary review questions (p.562). How did you do? Record your answers and score on your paper.
Today's Videos
Hi everyone! You did a fabulous job in class today. I am impressed by your narratives and can't wait to finish reading through them.
Here are the videos that demonstrate the three major approaches to insight therapy:
Carl Rogers talking about the humanistic approach
Here are two videos that show a continuation of his session with his client (there is some overlap):
Pay attention to the reflective listening (reflection of feeling).
Psychoanalytic Approach
Cognitive Approach
*Pay attention to the way the therapist tries to restructure the client's thinking*
Here are the videos that demonstrate the three major approaches to insight therapy:
Carl Rogers talking about the humanistic approach
Here are two videos that show a continuation of his session with his client (there is some overlap):
Pay attention to the reflective listening (reflection of feeling).
Psychoanalytic Approach
Cognitive Approach
*Pay attention to the way the therapist tries to restructure the client's thinking*
Monday, March 28, 2011
Focus Questions pp.523-542
Before Reading
1. What do you think about people who see therapists? Do you have any biases toward these patients (be honest, admitting biases is okay!)?
2. Why do people see therapists?
3. What is the difference between a psychiatrist and a psychologist?
4. What is introspection?
5. Describe two projective tests that a psychoanalyst may use in therapy.
During Reading
1. What processes do most approaches to therapy follow? Explain.
2. Describe therapy from a historical perspective. What was therapy like in the past?
3. What is insight therapy?
4. What is free association? How would a psychoanalyst use free association?
5. What is transference? What is your opinion of the analysis of transference stage?
6. How do neo-Freudian approaches to therapy differ from Freud's approach to therapy?
7. What is client-centered therapy? How does reflection of feeling fit into client-centered therapy?
8. How do cognitive therapists approach insight therapy?
9. What are the benefits of group therapy? Include one benefit that is not described in the book.
10. What is a self-help support group, and what are the benefits?
11. What is the rationale behind behavior therapy?
12. Describe classical conditioning therapy. What is it?
13. What is systematic desensitization? Describe it, and how it is seen as a behavior therapy.
14. What is the difference between systematic desensitization and exposure therapy?
15. How does aversion therapy connect to the development of a taste aversion?
16. Describe how contingency management connects to reinforcement and punishment.
17. Describe a token economy. What schedule of reinforcement is best used with token economies?
18. How does observational-learning therapy compare with systematic desensitization?
After Reading
1. Without reading your text or reviewing your during reading focus questions, what is the difference between insight and behavior therapies?
2. What are the three types of behavior therapies? Describe each.
1. What do you think about people who see therapists? Do you have any biases toward these patients (be honest, admitting biases is okay!)?
2. Why do people see therapists?
3. What is the difference between a psychiatrist and a psychologist?
4. What is introspection?
5. Describe two projective tests that a psychoanalyst may use in therapy.
During Reading
1. What processes do most approaches to therapy follow? Explain.
2. Describe therapy from a historical perspective. What was therapy like in the past?
3. What is insight therapy?
4. What is free association? How would a psychoanalyst use free association?
5. What is transference? What is your opinion of the analysis of transference stage?
6. How do neo-Freudian approaches to therapy differ from Freud's approach to therapy?
7. What is client-centered therapy? How does reflection of feeling fit into client-centered therapy?
8. How do cognitive therapists approach insight therapy?
9. What are the benefits of group therapy? Include one benefit that is not described in the book.
10. What is a self-help support group, and what are the benefits?
11. What is the rationale behind behavior therapy?
12. Describe classical conditioning therapy. What is it?
13. What is systematic desensitization? Describe it, and how it is seen as a behavior therapy.
14. What is the difference between systematic desensitization and exposure therapy?
15. How does aversion therapy connect to the development of a taste aversion?
16. Describe how contingency management connects to reinforcement and punishment.
17. Describe a token economy. What schedule of reinforcement is best used with token economies?
18. How does observational-learning therapy compare with systematic desensitization?
After Reading
1. Without reading your text or reviewing your during reading focus questions, what is the difference between insight and behavior therapies?
2. What are the three types of behavior therapies? Describe each.
Sunday, March 27, 2011
Dissociative Identity Disorder
These video segments profile Chris Sizemore, one of the first high-profile cases of dissociative identity disorder (a.k.a., multi-personality disorder). We will be watching the first video tomorrow in class. Please watch the other clips on your own time, so you can gain a better understanding of dissociative identity disorder.
The second clip does not have an embedding code, so you must click on this link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GmNRDvicyOY&feature=related
Same for the third clip: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UG_lOnI5KWo&feature=related
The second clip does not have an embedding code, so you must click on this link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GmNRDvicyOY&feature=related
Same for the third clip: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UG_lOnI5KWo&feature=related
Saturday, March 26, 2011
Postpartum Depression
Here is a short video about Brooke Shields' battle with postpartum depression. The interviewer doesn't add much to the message, so focus on what Ms. Shields says. Listen to the description of the symptoms and her treatment.
Here is a little bit on the debate between Brooke Shields and Tom Cruise, who does not believe in the treatment of psychological disorders with drug therapy.
*Note: Modern psychology believes in the use of drug therapy for the treatment of some psychological disorders.
Ms. Shields also talks about infertility treatments for a portion of this interview.
Here is a little bit on the debate between Brooke Shields and Tom Cruise, who does not believe in the treatment of psychological disorders with drug therapy.
*Note: Modern psychology believes in the use of drug therapy for the treatment of some psychological disorders.
Ms. Shields also talks about infertility treatments for a portion of this interview.
Thursday, March 24, 2011
Video Comment Assignment
You need to answer the question for one video. You can choose whichever video you would like. Simply answer the question for the video. In your comment, ensure you include your name and the number of the video. Include a detailed explanation.
Video One
Question: Explain which disorder is shown in this video. What symptoms are present in the video clip? How might this disorder impact a person's life?
Video Two
There was no embedding code for this video, but just go to this link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PQ8j0Fbr1Ik
Question: Explain which disorder is shown in this video. What symptoms are present in the video clip? How might this disorder impact a person's life?
Video One
Question: Explain which disorder is shown in this video. What symptoms are present in the video clip? How might this disorder impact a person's life?
Video Two
There was no embedding code for this video, but just go to this link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PQ8j0Fbr1Ik
Question: Explain which disorder is shown in this video. What symptoms are present in the video clip? How might this disorder impact a person's life?
Focus Questions pp.501-518
Before Reading
1. What is the difference between generalized anxiety disorder and seasonal affective disorder?
2. Describe the cycle of depression.
3. What are the general causes of depression?
During Reading
1. Compare and contrast conversion disorder and hypochondriasis.
2. Describe the symptoms of dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue (the first u is a long "u", the "ue" is silent), depersonalization disorder, and dissociative identity disorder. You may want to organize the information in a table.
3. Describe the causes and symptoms of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
4. What is schizophrenia? Describe the probable behaviors of a person who is a catatonic schizophrenic and one who is a paranoid schizophrenic.
5. Describe each of the major types of schizophrenia described on pp.507-508.
6. What neurotransmitter is associated with schizophrenia? Do people with schizophrenia have an excessive amount of this neurotransmitter or too little?
7. Explain the diathesis-stress hypothesis in your own words.
8. Compare and contrast narcissistic, antisocial, and borderline personality disorders.
9. Describe the theory of mind and how it relates to autism.
10. What is dyslexia?
11. Describe ADHD. Do you think this disorder is overdiagnosed? What is your experience with it?
12. What are the consequences of labeling people?
After Reading Try to answers these without looking at your notes or book. Only then should you go back and use your references to answer the questions.
1. What are the general symptoms of dissociative disorder?
2. Review: What is savant syndrome? What is its connection to autism?
3. What is schizophrenia?
4. Take the review test on pp.519-520 Record your answers on your paper Check your answers: How many questions did you correctly answer?
5. What is the difference between dissociative and personality disorders?
1. What is the difference between generalized anxiety disorder and seasonal affective disorder?
2. Describe the cycle of depression.
3. What are the general causes of depression?
During Reading
1. Compare and contrast conversion disorder and hypochondriasis.
2. Describe the symptoms of dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue (the first u is a long "u", the "ue" is silent), depersonalization disorder, and dissociative identity disorder. You may want to organize the information in a table.
3. Describe the causes and symptoms of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
4. What is schizophrenia? Describe the probable behaviors of a person who is a catatonic schizophrenic and one who is a paranoid schizophrenic.
5. Describe each of the major types of schizophrenia described on pp.507-508.
6. What neurotransmitter is associated with schizophrenia? Do people with schizophrenia have an excessive amount of this neurotransmitter or too little?
7. Explain the diathesis-stress hypothesis in your own words.
8. Compare and contrast narcissistic, antisocial, and borderline personality disorders.
9. Describe the theory of mind and how it relates to autism.
10. What is dyslexia?
11. Describe ADHD. Do you think this disorder is overdiagnosed? What is your experience with it?
12. What are the consequences of labeling people?
After Reading Try to answers these without looking at your notes or book. Only then should you go back and use your references to answer the questions.
1. What are the general symptoms of dissociative disorder?
2. Review: What is savant syndrome? What is its connection to autism?
3. What is schizophrenia?
4. Take the review test on pp.519-520 Record your answers on your paper Check your answers: How many questions did you correctly answer?
5. What is the difference between dissociative and personality disorders?
Tuesday, March 22, 2011
Focus Questions pp.483-501
Hi everyone! Here are the focus questions for the first reading assignment for our abnormal psychology unit. Please remember that I will be available tomorrow during my office hours to help you create an individual study plan for the next week. If you would like to join us, please come early (we'll start at 3:45pm) and visit other teachers afterwards.
Before Reading
1. How do you think Freud viewed psychological disorders?
2. Write three wonderings (things you'd like to know) about psychological disorders.
3. Do you know anyone with a psychological disorder (only if you are comfortable writing about it)? If so, what has been your experience with that person?
During Reading
Symptoms of Psychological Disorders
1. Create a table for the three classic symptoms of psychological disorders. Include descriptions of each.
2. Study table 12.1. What is the spectrum of mental disorder? Explain the terms mild, moderate, and severe.
History)
3. What is Hippocrates' Humor Theory? What do you think of his theory? What is the reasoning behind his theory?
Indicators and Classification of Psychological Disorders
4. Connect the social-cognitive-behavioral approach to personality theories. With which personality theory does this approach connect? Explain.
5. What are the indicators of abnormality? Describe each. Extra Credit Opportunity: Comment on this post with a mnemonic device for us to remember these indicators.
6. What is the DSM-IV and how do psychologists use it?
7. What is neurosis and why is it no longer included in the DSM-IV?
8. Define depression. What makes (major) depression different than sadness?
9. Compare and contrast seasonal affective disorder, major depression, and bipolar (manic-depressive) disorder. What causes each? What are the symptoms of each?
10. Compare and contrast generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobias (including agoraphobia), and obsessive-compulsive disorder. What causes each? What are the symptoms of each?
After Reading Try to answer these questions without looking at your notes!
1. What is the social-cognitive-behavioral approach to psychological disorders?
2. What is the DSM-IV?
3. Review: What is the WAIS? What is the MMPI-2?
4. What is the difference between a mood disorder and an anxiety disorder?
Before Reading
1. How do you think Freud viewed psychological disorders?
2. Write three wonderings (things you'd like to know) about psychological disorders.
3. Do you know anyone with a psychological disorder (only if you are comfortable writing about it)? If so, what has been your experience with that person?
During Reading
Symptoms of Psychological Disorders
1. Create a table for the three classic symptoms of psychological disorders. Include descriptions of each.
2. Study table 12.1. What is the spectrum of mental disorder? Explain the terms mild, moderate, and severe.
History)
3. What is Hippocrates' Humor Theory? What do you think of his theory? What is the reasoning behind his theory?
Indicators and Classification of Psychological Disorders
4. Connect the social-cognitive-behavioral approach to personality theories. With which personality theory does this approach connect? Explain.
5. What are the indicators of abnormality? Describe each. Extra Credit Opportunity: Comment on this post with a mnemonic device for us to remember these indicators.
6. What is the DSM-IV and how do psychologists use it?
7. What is neurosis and why is it no longer included in the DSM-IV?
8. Define depression. What makes (major) depression different than sadness?
9. Compare and contrast seasonal affective disorder, major depression, and bipolar (manic-depressive) disorder. What causes each? What are the symptoms of each?
10. Compare and contrast generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobias (including agoraphobia), and obsessive-compulsive disorder. What causes each? What are the symptoms of each?
After Reading Try to answer these questions without looking at your notes!
1. What is the social-cognitive-behavioral approach to psychological disorders?
2. What is the DSM-IV?
3. Review: What is the WAIS? What is the MMPI-2?
4. What is the difference between a mood disorder and an anxiety disorder?
Wednesday, March 16, 2011
Personality Video Lecture
Review this lecture to prepare for your exam. It includes both intelligence and personality.
Watch it on Academic Earth
Tuesday, March 15, 2011
Friday's Homework
16PF
1. Take the 16PF Test here: http://similarminds.com/cattell-16-factor.html The test will, of course, be most accurate if you answer the questions honestly.
2. What were your results? Record your percentages based on the 16 factors.
3. What is your reaction to your results? Do you think the 16PF accurately describes you?
The Big Five
1. Take The Big Five personality test here: http://similarminds.com/bigfive.html
2. What were your results? Record your results.
3. What is your reaction to your results? Do you think The Big Five accurately describes you?
What has shaped your personality? Write a detailed one-two paragraph response.
*Take a practice test: http://www.appsychology.com/HowPass/MC%20quizes/Personality/personality.htm Even if you plan to study a lot over the weekend, you can take this practice test now to help focus your studying. You can also retake it after you study to see if you improve!*
1. Take the 16PF Test here: http://similarminds.com/cattell-16-factor.html The test will, of course, be most accurate if you answer the questions honestly.
2. What were your results? Record your percentages based on the 16 factors.
3. What is your reaction to your results? Do you think the 16PF accurately describes you?
The Big Five
1. Take The Big Five personality test here: http://similarminds.com/bigfive.html
2. What were your results? Record your results.
3. What is your reaction to your results? Do you think The Big Five accurately describes you?
What has shaped your personality? Write a detailed one-two paragraph response.
*Take a practice test: http://www.appsychology.com/HowPass/MC%20quizes/Personality/personality.htm Even if you plan to study a lot over the weekend, you can take this practice test now to help focus your studying. You can also retake it after you study to see if you improve!*
Monday, March 14, 2011
Review Link: Motivation and Emotion
This link contains some good information on motivation and emotion. Check out the great visual in the middle of the page. http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/topics/motivation/motivate.html
Focus Questions pp.430-448
Before Reading
1. Is your personality similar to or different from your parents? (Be honest!)
2. What are Jung's opposing tendencies in personality? (Try to recall them first, and then refer to your notes or book if necessary.)
3. Recall the difference between reliability and validity.
4. What is a self-fulfilling prophecy?
During Reading
1. Describe the genetic basis of temperament.
2. How did the "Big Five" surface?
3. Describe the "Big Five" and provide an example (scenario) for each pole.
4. Compare and contrast the "Big Five" to the personality theories we discussed in class today. What are the similarities and differences? (Suggestion: Create a Venn diagram or double-bubble to organize your thoughts)
5. What is the MMPI-2? (You need to know the acronym.) What information does it provide psychologists?
6. Explain the person-situation controversy. What does this approach say about personality?
7. With which personality theory does the MBTI align? What are the drawbacks of this test?
8. What is the difference between implicit personality theory and the theories we have looked at thus far?
9. Describe fundamental attribution error. Provide an example of a situation in which a person may make this error.
10. What is the difference between individualistic and collectivistic cultures? Reflect on your own culture. Do you identify with an individualistic or collectivistic culture? Explain.
11. Take the "Check your understanding" quiz on p.442. Check your answers.
12. Define eclecticism.
After Reading
1. Recall the "Big Five" in the five-factor theory of personality.
2. What approach to personality do most modern psychologists take?
3. What do the MMPI-2 and MBTI measure?
1. Is your personality similar to or different from your parents? (Be honest!)
2. What are Jung's opposing tendencies in personality? (Try to recall them first, and then refer to your notes or book if necessary.)
3. Recall the difference between reliability and validity.
4. What is a self-fulfilling prophecy?
During Reading
1. Describe the genetic basis of temperament.
2. How did the "Big Five" surface?
3. Describe the "Big Five" and provide an example (scenario) for each pole.
4. Compare and contrast the "Big Five" to the personality theories we discussed in class today. What are the similarities and differences? (Suggestion: Create a Venn diagram or double-bubble to organize your thoughts)
5. What is the MMPI-2? (You need to know the acronym.) What information does it provide psychologists?
6. Explain the person-situation controversy. What does this approach say about personality?
7. With which personality theory does the MBTI align? What are the drawbacks of this test?
8. What is the difference between implicit personality theory and the theories we have looked at thus far?
9. Describe fundamental attribution error. Provide an example of a situation in which a person may make this error.
10. What is the difference between individualistic and collectivistic cultures? Reflect on your own culture. Do you identify with an individualistic or collectivistic culture? Explain.
11. Take the "Check your understanding" quiz on p.442. Check your answers.
12. Define eclecticism.
After Reading
1. Recall the "Big Five" in the five-factor theory of personality.
2. What approach to personality do most modern psychologists take?
3. What do the MMPI-2 and MBTI measure?
Thursday, March 10, 2011
Focus Questions: Personality pp.409-430
Notes: I believe the best way to answer these questions is to use the Cornell note-taking structure. This provides you with a great studying tool.
I've also restructured this assignment by including before and after reading questions (the during reading questions are the focus questions). This will help you recall previously learned information and "test" yourself on new concept recall. Do not use the book or any resources for the before and after reading questions until you have first tried answering them without any help.
Before Reading
1. Who is Sigmund Freud? What do you recall about his theories on dreaming?
2. Describe Maslow's hierarchy of needs. What is the eventual goal? What does a person need to do to achieve the end goal?
3. What approach to psychology do we associate with Freud? Maslow?
4. Who is Albert Bandura? What do we know about his work in the area of learning?
During Reading
1. Describe Freud's model of the mind by using his iceberg analogy. How do the id, superego, and ego work within this model?
2. Explain Freud's psychosexual stages.
3. What is the relationship between defense mechanisms, the id, and repression?
4. What is the intention of the Rorschach inkblot technique?
5. How is Jung's approach to personality different than Freud's approach?
6. Describe the collective unconscious.
7. What is the difference between introversion and extroversion? How does consciousness relate to these personalities?
8. What are Horney's (HORN-eye) neurotic needs? How do these needs relate to personality?
9. Describe Maslow's theory on personality.
10. How does Rogers's approach to personality differ from Maslow's approach?
11. Describe Bandura's approach to personality.
12. What is Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control Scale?
After Reading
1. Take the "Check Your Understanding" quiz after you read. Do not refer to your notes. Grade your answers using the key (printed upside down in the text box).
2. Describe Freud's approach to personality.
3. Draw Freud's iceberg model and explain what it means.
4. What is the difference among psychoanalytic/psychodynamic, humanistic, and social-cognitive theories of personality?
I've also restructured this assignment by including before and after reading questions (the during reading questions are the focus questions). This will help you recall previously learned information and "test" yourself on new concept recall. Do not use the book or any resources for the before and after reading questions until you have first tried answering them without any help.
Before Reading
1. Who is Sigmund Freud? What do you recall about his theories on dreaming?
2. Describe Maslow's hierarchy of needs. What is the eventual goal? What does a person need to do to achieve the end goal?
3. What approach to psychology do we associate with Freud? Maslow?
4. Who is Albert Bandura? What do we know about his work in the area of learning?
During Reading
1. Describe Freud's model of the mind by using his iceberg analogy. How do the id, superego, and ego work within this model?
2. Explain Freud's psychosexual stages.
3. What is the relationship between defense mechanisms, the id, and repression?
4. What is the intention of the Rorschach inkblot technique?
5. How is Jung's approach to personality different than Freud's approach?
6. Describe the collective unconscious.
7. What is the difference between introversion and extroversion? How does consciousness relate to these personalities?
8. What are Horney's (HORN-eye) neurotic needs? How do these needs relate to personality?
9. Describe Maslow's theory on personality.
10. How does Rogers's approach to personality differ from Maslow's approach?
11. Describe Bandura's approach to personality.
12. What is Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control Scale?
After Reading
1. Take the "Check Your Understanding" quiz after you read. Do not refer to your notes. Grade your answers using the key (printed upside down in the text box).
2. Describe Freud's approach to personality.
3. Draw Freud's iceberg model and explain what it means.
4. What is the difference among psychoanalytic/psychodynamic, humanistic, and social-cognitive theories of personality?
Monday, March 7, 2011
Wednesday's Assessment Guide
Hi everyone,
Wednesday's assessment will be focused on the following:
-application of theories of emotion to scenarios
-application of theories of motivation to scenarios
-an understanding of homeostasis and its role in some theories of motivation
-nature vs. nurture in emotion and motivation
-an understanding of anorexia, bulimia, and obesity (we did not cover this in class, but you will need to know it)
-extrinsic and intrinsic motivation; be able to describe and give examples of each
-an understanding of Seyle's general adaptation syndrome (GAS); describe what happens at each stage (we did not cover this in class, but you will need to know it)
As I described in class, the assessment will be shorter than our typical unit tests, but longer than a quiz. It will have multiple choice and essay components.
Wednesday's assessment will be focused on the following:
-application of theories of emotion to scenarios
-application of theories of motivation to scenarios
-an understanding of homeostasis and its role in some theories of motivation
-nature vs. nurture in emotion and motivation
-an understanding of anorexia, bulimia, and obesity (we did not cover this in class, but you will need to know it)
-extrinsic and intrinsic motivation; be able to describe and give examples of each
-an understanding of Seyle's general adaptation syndrome (GAS); describe what happens at each stage (we did not cover this in class, but you will need to know it)
As I described in class, the assessment will be shorter than our typical unit tests, but longer than a quiz. It will have multiple choice and essay components.
Emotion and Motivation Notes
This link provides some good explanations of motivation and emotion. http://www.umpi.maine.edu/~stump/motives.html
Sunday, March 6, 2011
Theories of Emotion
(If you click on the image, it will open in a new window, and you will be able to read it better.)
Here is the graphic we started creating in class on Wednesday. Review it and begin developing a mnemonic so you can remember which theory of emotion is which.
Wednesday, March 2, 2011
Focus Questions
Here are the focus questions for the remainder of the motivation and emotion chapter. They do not go in order, so be sure to preview them before you read. You may need to use your study book and/or the internet to supplement the information in your textbook.
1. Describe the theories of motivation:
-Drive Reduction Theory
-Arousal Theory
-Incentive Theory
-Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
2. What creates the feeling of hunger? Describe the biological and psychological factors involved in hunger motivation.
3. Describe the three most common eating disorders and their causes. Ensure you know the difference between binging and purging).
4. Describe the (physiological) sexual response cycle (there are four stages). How does the process relate to Wednesday's discussion on the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
5. Describe the psychological factors for sexual motivation. How does human sexual motivation differ from animal sexual motivation?
6. What causes someone to be a homosexual?
7. Describe the theories behind social motivation:
-achievement motivation
-extrinsic/intrinsic motivation
-management theory
8. What happens when we find ourselves conflicted about what choice to make? Explain each type of conflict and provide an example of each:
-approach-approach conflict
-avoidance-approach conflict
-approach-avoidance conflict
-multiple approach-avoidance conflict
9. Most cultures have similar facial expressions. What does this say about facial expressions of emotion?
10. What is stress?
11. How is stress measured?
12. What are the three stages in Seyle's general adaptation syndrome (GAS)?
13. How does perception of control influence stress?
14. Why might intrinsic motivation be more advantageous than extrinsic motivation?
Check the blog over the weekend for postings!
1. Describe the theories of motivation:
-Drive Reduction Theory
-Arousal Theory
-Incentive Theory
-Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
2. What creates the feeling of hunger? Describe the biological and psychological factors involved in hunger motivation.
3. Describe the three most common eating disorders and their causes. Ensure you know the difference between binging and purging).
4. Describe the (physiological) sexual response cycle (there are four stages). How does the process relate to Wednesday's discussion on the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
5. Describe the psychological factors for sexual motivation. How does human sexual motivation differ from animal sexual motivation?
6. What causes someone to be a homosexual?
7. Describe the theories behind social motivation:
-achievement motivation
-extrinsic/intrinsic motivation
-management theory
8. What happens when we find ourselves conflicted about what choice to make? Explain each type of conflict and provide an example of each:
-approach-approach conflict
-avoidance-approach conflict
-approach-avoidance conflict
-multiple approach-avoidance conflict
9. Most cultures have similar facial expressions. What does this say about facial expressions of emotion?
10. What is stress?
11. How is stress measured?
12. What are the three stages in Seyle's general adaptation syndrome (GAS)?
13. How does perception of control influence stress?
14. Why might intrinsic motivation be more advantageous than extrinsic motivation?
Check the blog over the weekend for postings!
Monday, February 28, 2011
Focus Questions pp.297-317
1. Describe the four processes involved in emotion.
2. What is the connection between evolution and emotions?
3. Describe Ekman's research.
4. What effect does culture have on emotion?
5. Describe the two emotional pathways (processing systems) in the brain.
6. What is the connection between the amygdala and emotions?
7. What is the connection between the reticular formation and emotions?
8. What is the connection between the cerebral cortex and emotions?
9. Which emotions are associated with the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the nervous system?
10. Name the most important hormones for emotion. With what emotion is each hormone associated?
11. Compare and contrast the main psychological theories of emotion: James-Lange, Cannon-Bard, Two-factor, cognitive appraisal, and opponent-process.
12. Describe the distributions at the bottom of p.310. What type of distribution is each? What does each graph represent?
13. Describe someone with high emotional intelligence and someone with low emotional intelligence.
14. Describe three deception cues.
2. What is the connection between evolution and emotions?
3. Describe Ekman's research.
4. What effect does culture have on emotion?
5. Describe the two emotional pathways (processing systems) in the brain.
6. What is the connection between the amygdala and emotions?
7. What is the connection between the reticular formation and emotions?
8. What is the connection between the cerebral cortex and emotions?
9. Which emotions are associated with the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the nervous system?
10. Name the most important hormones for emotion. With what emotion is each hormone associated?
11. Compare and contrast the main psychological theories of emotion: James-Lange, Cannon-Bard, Two-factor, cognitive appraisal, and opponent-process.
12. Describe the distributions at the bottom of p.310. What type of distribution is each? What does each graph represent?
13. Describe someone with high emotional intelligence and someone with low emotional intelligence.
14. Describe three deception cues.
Sunday, February 27, 2011
Practice Problems
Here are some practice problems. They are similar to what we did in class on Thursday.
Saturday, February 26, 2011
Testing and Individual Differences Exam Study Guide
This is the information you need to know cold for Monday's test. The number in parenthesis is the number of questions on the exam for the content.
-Know the advantages of group and individual testing (1)
-Define a standardization sample and how the standardization sample can lead to testing bias (3)
-Describe Spearman's g intelligence (2)
-Know the difference between aptitude and achievement tests and identify which type is being described in a scenario (3)
-Describe the difference between validity and reliability (1); identify which type of validity or reliability is being described in a scenario (4)
-Know Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence (1)
-Calculate Stanford-Binet IQ (1)
-Identify crystallized or fluid intelligence described in a scenario (1)
-Know the normal distribution of intelligence testing and use the information to identify IQ based on percentile (2)
-Define IQ and identify the tests that result in IQ (2)
-Explain savant syndrome (1)
-Know Gardner's multiple intelligences (1)
-Know the Flynn Effect (1)
-Know nature vs. nurture in intelligence (1)
All previously covered content is fair game for the 4-6 review questions that will be present on the test
-Know the advantages of group and individual testing (1)
-Define a standardization sample and how the standardization sample can lead to testing bias (3)
-Describe Spearman's g intelligence (2)
-Know the difference between aptitude and achievement tests and identify which type is being described in a scenario (3)
-Describe the difference between validity and reliability (1); identify which type of validity or reliability is being described in a scenario (4)
-Know Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence (1)
-Calculate Stanford-Binet IQ (1)
-Identify crystallized or fluid intelligence described in a scenario (1)
-Know the normal distribution of intelligence testing and use the information to identify IQ based on percentile (2)
-Define IQ and identify the tests that result in IQ (2)
-Explain savant syndrome (1)
-Know Gardner's multiple intelligences (1)
-Know the Flynn Effect (1)
-Know nature vs. nurture in intelligence (1)
All previously covered content is fair game for the 4-6 review questions that will be present on the test
Wednesday, February 23, 2011
Focus Questions pp.469-481
1. Describe the nature-nurture controversy in respect to intelligence.
2. Which type of genetic relationship would a hereditarian most likely use to argue his/her viewpoint?
3. What viewpoint does Jensen hold about black-white IQ differences?
4. What are some counterpoints to Jensen's argument?
5. Describe the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and IQ. Explain the reason for this relationship.
6. Describe some potential built-in biases of IQ tests.
7. What is Head Start? What do the results of the program show us about environmental influences on IQ?
***Carefully read the chapter summary***
1. Take the review test and vocabulary test. Check your answers.
2. Which type of genetic relationship would a hereditarian most likely use to argue his/her viewpoint?
3. What viewpoint does Jensen hold about black-white IQ differences?
4. What are some counterpoints to Jensen's argument?
5. Describe the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and IQ. Explain the reason for this relationship.
6. Describe some potential built-in biases of IQ tests.
7. What is Head Start? What do the results of the program show us about environmental influences on IQ?
***Carefully read the chapter summary***
1. Take the review test and vocabulary test. Check your answers.
Tuesday, February 22, 2011
Mini Quiz
Just for fun, here is a quiz that might get you thinking a little bit more about language:
http://www.stumbleupon.com/su/25E9R9/www.davidpbrown.co.uk/psychology/smart-test.html
Many thanks, again, to Gaby:)
http://www.stumbleupon.com/su/25E9R9/www.davidpbrown.co.uk/psychology/smart-test.html
Many thanks, again, to Gaby:)
Classical Conditioning
Gaby, I don't know how you found this one, but this guy is kind of mean to his roommate! Regardless, this is a good example of the basics of classical conditioning.
Extra credit to the first person who comments with the NS, UCS, UCR, CS, and CR.
Extra credit to the first person who comments with the NS, UCS, UCR, CS, and CR.
Hearing
More extra credit for Gaby! Here is a great video on hearing:
Don't forget, sensation and perception was a really challenging unit. Watch these videos to refresh your memory!
Don't forget, sensation and perception was a really challenging unit. Watch these videos to refresh your memory!
Vision
Thanks to Gaby for this fabulous video. It explains how light enters the eye. Great!
Gaby has earned extra credit for passing along this great resource. You, too, can earn extra credit for finding a valuable resource for our blog!
Gaby has earned extra credit for passing along this great resource. You, too, can earn extra credit for finding a valuable resource for our blog!
Monday, February 21, 2011
Yale Psychology Lectures
Want to review past units? Watch these lectures delivered by Paul Bloom, a professor of psychology at Yale. http://academicearth.org/courses/introduction-to-psychology
Saturday, February 19, 2011
Kim Peek: The Real Rain Man
Have you heard of the movie Rain Man? This 10 minute clip is about Kim Peek, the man who inspired the film.
Sadly, Kim passed away from a heart attack in December 2009.
Extra credit opportunity: Comment on this post and answer the following questions.
1. What does Kim's retention of long numbers show you about his short-term, or working, memory?
2. What types of memories did Kim make most easily?
3. What does Kim show us about the limitations of intelligence testing?
4. How do you think Kim's encoding skills differed compared to those of "normal" people?
More information about Kim Peek can be found here: http://www.wisconsinmedicalsociety.org/savant_syndrome/savant_profiles/kim_peek
Sadly, Kim passed away from a heart attack in December 2009.
Extra credit opportunity: Comment on this post and answer the following questions.
1. What does Kim's retention of long numbers show you about his short-term, or working, memory?
2. What types of memories did Kim make most easily?
3. What does Kim show us about the limitations of intelligence testing?
4. How do you think Kim's encoding skills differed compared to those of "normal" people?
More information about Kim Peek can be found here: http://www.wisconsinmedicalsociety.org/savant_syndrome/savant_profiles/kim_peek
Savant Syndrome: Daniel Tammet
Do you remember reading about Daniel Tammet last year? Here is a clip that shows his amazing savant abilities:
Focus Questions pp. 451-468
How do we measure individual differences?
1. What is the difference between validity and reliability?
2. How can you tell if a test is valid?
3. How can you tell if a test is reliable?
4. What is a normal distribution?
5. What is the difference between objective and subjective tests?
6. Describe at least two ethical concerns with testing.
How is intelligence measured?
1. Describe the Binet-Simon approach to testing. Why did they develop the test? What types of questions did the test ask? How did they interpret and use the results?
2. Know that IQ stands for intelligence quotient. How is IQ calculated? What types of questions are asked to determine one's IQ?
3. Describe some problems that may surface from IQ testing.
Classifying People by IQ
1. Describe mental retardation and what causes it.
2. Name some things a parent can do to deal with a mentally retarded child.
3. Describe giftedness.
4. Name some things a parent can do to deal with a gifted child.
What are the components of intelligence?
1. What is savant syndrome? Describe something a savant may be able to do (think back to fiction lit last year!)
2. What is psychometrics?
3. What is the g factor? Do you agree with Spearman's theory?
4. What is the difference between crystallized and fluid intelligence? How do they relate to the g factor?
5. What is practical intelligence? How do you feel this relates to the other types of intelligence (i.e., should it be viewed equally when determining one's intelligence)?
6. Describe the components of Sternberg's triarchic theory.
7. Describe Gardner's multiple intelligence theory. Give an example of how you have seen this evidenced in your own educational experience.
8. How does culture affect the components of intelligence?
Short Answer
A mother decides to take her 10-year-old daughter to a psychometrician to administer an IQ test. The results of the test indicate that her daughter is very close to the mental retardation range.
-What do you suggest the mother do with the results? Should she share them with anyone (including her daughter)? Should she change anything about her parenting style or her daughter's home or school environments? Explain your answers.
1. What is the difference between validity and reliability?
2. How can you tell if a test is valid?
3. How can you tell if a test is reliable?
4. What is a normal distribution?
5. What is the difference between objective and subjective tests?
6. Describe at least two ethical concerns with testing.
How is intelligence measured?
1. Describe the Binet-Simon approach to testing. Why did they develop the test? What types of questions did the test ask? How did they interpret and use the results?
2. Know that IQ stands for intelligence quotient. How is IQ calculated? What types of questions are asked to determine one's IQ?
3. Describe some problems that may surface from IQ testing.
Classifying People by IQ
1. Describe mental retardation and what causes it.
2. Name some things a parent can do to deal with a mentally retarded child.
3. Describe giftedness.
4. Name some things a parent can do to deal with a gifted child.
What are the components of intelligence?
1. What is savant syndrome? Describe something a savant may be able to do (think back to fiction lit last year!)
2. What is psychometrics?
3. What is the g factor? Do you agree with Spearman's theory?
4. What is the difference between crystallized and fluid intelligence? How do they relate to the g factor?
5. What is practical intelligence? How do you feel this relates to the other types of intelligence (i.e., should it be viewed equally when determining one's intelligence)?
6. Describe the components of Sternberg's triarchic theory.
7. Describe Gardner's multiple intelligence theory. Give an example of how you have seen this evidenced in your own educational experience.
8. How does culture affect the components of intelligence?
Short Answer
A mother decides to take her 10-year-old daughter to a psychometrician to administer an IQ test. The results of the test indicate that her daughter is very close to the mental retardation range.
-What do you suggest the mother do with the results? Should she share them with anyone (including her daughter)? Should she change anything about her parenting style or her daughter's home or school environments? Explain your answers.
Friday, February 18, 2011
Memory
Ms. Merlo forwarded me this link to an episode of NOVA. The video explains how memory works and how psychologists and neurobiologists are pinpointing molecules that can create and erase memories! Enjoy.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/how-memory-works.html
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/how-memory-works.html
Wednesday, February 16, 2011
Biases
Taylor found this video on biases. It was created by another AP Psychology teacher. His singing talents are much better than mine.
Tuesday, February 15, 2011
Encoding and retrieval
Here are the notes I took on the board during today's review session.
One clarification on the retrieval photo: The diagram includes heuristics under retrieval. I am using "retrieval" loosely; heuristics are tools (rules of thumb) that one uses to solve a problem.
One clarification on the retrieval photo: The diagram includes heuristics under retrieval. I am using "retrieval" loosely; heuristics are tools (rules of thumb) that one uses to solve a problem.
Tuesday, February 8, 2011
The Innocence Project
Here is the link to the website of The Innocence Project, the organization mentioned in class today. Read some of the stories; they are truly unbelievable!
(The title of this post is the link, just click on it!)
This site is so interesting. Here is a link to a story about the Ford Heights Four: http://www.innocenceproject.org/Content/Kenneth_Adams.php
The crime is horrific, and the fact that they were falsely imprisoned is unbelievable.
Here is the page directed at youth: http://www.innocenceproject.org/fix/947/
(The title of this post is the link, just click on it!)
This site is so interesting. Here is a link to a story about the Ford Heights Four: http://www.innocenceproject.org/Content/Kenneth_Adams.php
The crime is horrific, and the fact that they were falsely imprisoned is unbelievable.
Here is the page directed at youth: http://www.innocenceproject.org/fix/947/
Focus Questions pp.267-294
Questions are due on Thursday, February 10th
Language
1. What is the difference between phonemes and morphemes? Give one example of a phoneme and one of a morpheme.
2. What is the relationships between syntax and grammar?
3. A young child says "I goed to the store" instead of "I went to the store." Explain the child's error.
4. Explain the stages of language development and provide examples (e.g., babbling, holophrase/one-word stage, and telegraphic speech/two-word stage)
5. What is a language acquisition device?
Thinking and Problem Solving
1. Describe Benjamin Whorf's linguistic relativity hypothesis. (You may need to look this one up)
2. Define algorithm.
3. What is a heuristic? Give an example.
4. What is the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning?
Obstacles to Problem Solving
1. What is fixation and why is it an obstacle to problem solving?
2. Describe the relationship among the concepts of fixation, mental set, and functional fixedness.
3. Define availability heuristics and representative heuristics. Why are these things obstacles to problem solving?
4. How does framing pose an obstacle to problem solving?
5. What is anchoring effect? Give a real life example of this obstacle.
Biases
1. Define and provide your own examples for the following:
A. confirmation bias
B. belief perseverance
C. hindsight bias
D. overconfidence bias
Creativity
1. What is creativity?
2. What is the difference between convergent and divergent thinkers?
3. How does brainstorming aide creativity?
Language
1. What is the difference between phonemes and morphemes? Give one example of a phoneme and one of a morpheme.
2. What is the relationships between syntax and grammar?
3. A young child says "I goed to the store" instead of "I went to the store." Explain the child's error.
4. Explain the stages of language development and provide examples (e.g., babbling, holophrase/one-word stage, and telegraphic speech/two-word stage)
5. What is a language acquisition device?
Thinking and Problem Solving
1. Describe Benjamin Whorf's linguistic relativity hypothesis. (You may need to look this one up)
2. Define algorithm.
3. What is a heuristic? Give an example.
4. What is the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning?
Obstacles to Problem Solving
1. What is fixation and why is it an obstacle to problem solving?
2. Describe the relationship among the concepts of fixation, mental set, and functional fixedness.
3. Define availability heuristics and representative heuristics. Why are these things obstacles to problem solving?
4. How does framing pose an obstacle to problem solving?
5. What is anchoring effect? Give a real life example of this obstacle.
Biases
1. Define and provide your own examples for the following:
A. confirmation bias
B. belief perseverance
C. hindsight bias
D. overconfidence bias
Creativity
1. What is creativity?
2. What is the difference between convergent and divergent thinkers?
3. How does brainstorming aide creativity?
Monday, February 7, 2011
Sunday, February 6, 2011
Learning Exam
I finished grading your learning exams, and they are now in the gradebook. Congratulations to the top scores:
1. Alyssa and Maya set the curve (each earned a 93%)
2. Edgar, Lizsandra, and Felicia were tied for second (each earned a 90%)
Excellent work!
You will be assigned test corrections for this exam, due on Thursday. I will be available during office hours on Wednesday for anyone who wants to come in and work through test corrections; I expect anyone who earned lower than a 70% (before the curve) to be in attendance. The scores that are in the gradebook have been curved, so you will need to look at your graded exam to determine if you fall into this group. I will return the exam on Tuesday, or you can ask to see it at tomorrow's review session.
1. Alyssa and Maya set the curve (each earned a 93%)
2. Edgar, Lizsandra, and Felicia were tied for second (each earned a 90%)
Excellent work!
You will be assigned test corrections for this exam, due on Thursday. I will be available during office hours on Wednesday for anyone who wants to come in and work through test corrections; I expect anyone who earned lower than a 70% (before the curve) to be in attendance. The scores that are in the gradebook have been curved, so you will need to look at your graded exam to determine if you fall into this group. I will return the exam on Tuesday, or you can ask to see it at tomorrow's review session.
Clarification
It has been brought to my attention that some of you are confused about where to answer the focus questions. Here is the answer I emailed to a student:
It really doesn't matter where you write down your answers; you just need to make sure you record them somewhere. You will want to write down the focus question and mark it in a way so that it is prominent (e.g., highlight them).
Saturday, February 5, 2011
Reading Questions pp.233-266
I just emailed you these questions in an attachment. It may be easier to view them in that document than it is here.
Thoroughly answer these questions for Tuesday. We will be reviewing the answers in class.
Our next review session is on Monday. See you then!
During Reading Questions
pp.233-266
How do we form memories?
Models of Memory
1. Explain the connection between learning and memory.
2. What are the three basic components of the information-processing model of memory?
3. Describe chunking, rehearsal, acoustic encoding, and visual and spatial encoding. How do each of these things improve working memory?
4. What is the levels-of-processing theory? (Hint: Although the book includes this description within the information-processing model of memory, we should think of the levels-of-processing theory as a separate model of memory.)
5. How does the levels-of-processing theory connect to schema (schemata)? (You have to think about this one—there isn’t an answer in the book!)
6. Describe the three types of long-term memory.
7. Which brain parts are associated with memory? How do we know?
8. Compare and contrast anterograde and retrograde amnesia. Can you make any connections to the meaning based on the word parts (e.g., antero and retro)?
9. Why do we remember things more clearly when we are emotionally connected to the content?
10. What is the connection between neural firings and long-term memories?
How do we retrieve memories?
1. What is the difference between implicit and explicit memory?
2. Describe priming.
3. What is elaborative rehearsal? Provide a real life example.
4. Give an example of recall and one of recognition.
5. Describe how encoding affects retrieval of memories.
Why does memory sometimes fail us?
1. Explain what can go wrong with encoding memories, and how this can cause us to “forget.”
2. Explain what can go wrong with retrieving memories, and how this can cause us to forget.
Thursday, February 3, 2011
Interesting Research on Studying
Many of you have expressed concerns to me about how you feel you read a lot of the material and understand it, but then you don't perform as well as you would like on the test. Here's an interesting article that explains why this may be so. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/21/science/21memory.html?_r=1&emc=eta1
What does this mean for our class? More frequent quizzes (every class), and I will also provide you with practice quiz and test questions. I will post everything on the blog, so check back frequently!
What does this mean for our class? More frequent quizzes (every class), and I will also provide you with practice quiz and test questions. I will post everything on the blog, so check back frequently!
Tomorrow's Test
Yes, we have school tomorrow! I know you have been spending every waking hour of the past two days studying for psychology, so here is some more information that will help you on tomorrow's unit test:
-The test is 28 multiple choice questions
-23 questions are about learning, the current unit
-5 questions are review (research, developmental psych, and biological psych)
-You will need to understand the learning theories like the back of your hand in order to be successful on the essay.
I am weighting this exam and all future exams like the AP test. This means the multiple choice section will be worth 2/3 of the exam grade and the essay will be worth 1/3.
Hints for tomorrow's exam:
-Ensure you know the difference between spontaneous recovery and relearning
-Understand primary, secondary, and generalized reinforcers (we talked about this at the study session). Primary reinforcers fulfill our basic needs (think food, water, and rest), whereas secondary reinforcers are things we've learned to value. Generalized reinforcers are things that we can use that can be traded for virtually anything (money and things that are used like money; e.g., tokens)
You are going to do great! Now, get back to studying!
-The test is 28 multiple choice questions
-23 questions are about learning, the current unit
-5 questions are review (research, developmental psych, and biological psych)
-You will need to understand the learning theories like the back of your hand in order to be successful on the essay.
I am weighting this exam and all future exams like the AP test. This means the multiple choice section will be worth 2/3 of the exam grade and the essay will be worth 1/3.
Hints for tomorrow's exam:
-Ensure you know the difference between spontaneous recovery and relearning
-Understand primary, secondary, and generalized reinforcers (we talked about this at the study session). Primary reinforcers fulfill our basic needs (think food, water, and rest), whereas secondary reinforcers are things we've learned to value. Generalized reinforcers are things that we can use that can be traded for virtually anything (money and things that are used like money; e.g., tokens)
You are going to do great! Now, get back to studying!
Monday, January 31, 2011
Here are some more problems in which you can determine the type of learning.
Instructions: Determine the type of learning as operant, classical, cognitive, or observational. Identify the various components (e.g., UCS, UCR, CS, CR for classical; positive or negative reinforcement, positive or negative punishment if operant).
Instructions: Determine the type of learning as operant, classical, cognitive, or observational. Identify the various components (e.g., UCS, UCR, CS, CR for classical; positive or negative reinforcement, positive or negative punishment if operant).
Sunday, January 30, 2011
Another example of learning...
Can you believe this? Think about what type of learning took place for this to happen:
More on Little Albert
A psychologist spent about 7 years trying to track down and determine what became of Little Albert. Read this brief article to find out what happened to dear Albert.
Flashcards
Look! We can embed the Quizlet flashcards onto the blog. This is very cool.
Learn:
Scatter:
Learn:
Scatter:
Focus Questions pp.218-227
Cognitive learning is often equated to the idea of an "aha" moment.
What is the difference between cognitive learning and operant and classical conditioning?
Summarize Kohler's research and how Sultan demonstrated insight learning.
-Here is a video that we will watch in class tomorrow that shows cognitive (insight) learning, similar to Sultan's learning:
Explain Toman's experiments with rats and mazes. (cognitive maps)
Observational (Social) Learning
Discuss the significance Bandura's BoBo doll study. Here is the video we will watch in class tomorrow:
Understand the implications of observational learning, especially when it is aggressive. (Think violent video games and movies.)
Although much of the reading focused on aggressive observational learning, understand that many positive behaviors are learned in this same way.
------------
Define long-term potentiation.
*Spend the time to understand table 6.3 on p. 224.
Review the three bullet points on p.227. Understand that we are still learning about learning.
What is the difference between cognitive learning and operant and classical conditioning?
Summarize Kohler's research and how Sultan demonstrated insight learning.
-Here is a video that we will watch in class tomorrow that shows cognitive (insight) learning, similar to Sultan's learning:
Explain Toman's experiments with rats and mazes. (cognitive maps)
Observational (Social) Learning
Discuss the significance Bandura's BoBo doll study. Here is the video we will watch in class tomorrow:
Understand the implications of observational learning, especially when it is aggressive. (Think violent video games and movies.)
Although much of the reading focused on aggressive observational learning, understand that many positive behaviors are learned in this same way.
------------
Define long-term potentiation.
*Spend the time to understand table 6.3 on p. 224.
Review the three bullet points on p.227. Understand that we are still learning about learning.
Sunday, January 23, 2011
Grades
Grades are due at 5pm tomorrow, but I don't think you'll be able to access PowerSchool until after Report Card Pick Up. Please ask your advisor if you would like to see your final grade in psychology. I will be entering all test corrections and essay revisions into the gradebook by tomorrow afternoon.
Reading Focus
Hi everyone,
As you complete your reading for Wednesday's class, focus on the following ideas and questions:
-What is the difference between classical and operant conditioning?
-Connect your own personal experience to conditioning. What have you learned through each type of conditioning? It might help to think of examples from your school and home (look to your parents) experiences.
-Understand B.F. Skinner's connection to operant conditioning.
-What is the different between positive and negative reinforcement? Memorize the words that equate to positive and negative reinforcement. The book does a good job of explaining this.
-Understand the impact of reinforcement frequency (i.e., continuous vs. intermittent reinforcement) and when to use each type.
-Know the types of ration and interval schedules. Come up with a few examples of your own that aren't listed in the book.
-Understand the difference between punishment and reinforcement.
-Memorize table 6.1 on p. 213.
-Memorize table 6.2 on p.215.
You will have a short quiz on Wednesday. This quiz will cover pp.195-218 in your book.
As you complete your reading for Wednesday's class, focus on the following ideas and questions:
-What is the difference between classical and operant conditioning?
-Connect your own personal experience to conditioning. What have you learned through each type of conditioning? It might help to think of examples from your school and home (look to your parents) experiences.
-Understand B.F. Skinner's connection to operant conditioning.
-What is the different between positive and negative reinforcement? Memorize the words that equate to positive and negative reinforcement. The book does a good job of explaining this.
-Understand the impact of reinforcement frequency (i.e., continuous vs. intermittent reinforcement) and when to use each type.
-Know the types of ration and interval schedules. Come up with a few examples of your own that aren't listed in the book.
-Understand the difference between punishment and reinforcement.
-Memorize table 6.1 on p. 213.
-Memorize table 6.2 on p.215.
You will have a short quiz on Wednesday. This quiz will cover pp.195-218 in your book.
Tuesday, January 11, 2011
Study Guide: Semester 1 Final Exam
Study Guide: Part 1
| Format | Your final exam is on Wednesday, January 19, 2011. The final exam will have two parts:
Use the questions on this study guide to prepare for the final exam. You will also want to review your old exams, class notes, notes you have taken from the textbook, AP study book, flash cards, the class blog, and Quizlet. |
| | History and Approaches (4 questions) |
| Section 1: Due Thursday, January 13, 2011 |
|
| Research Methods (11 questions) | |
| |
| Biological Bases of Behavior (10 questions) | |
|
Tuesday, January 4, 2011
Study Guide: Unit 5 Test
Before going out on break, I provided you with a vocabulary list with your winter break homework. You need to know these terms for Friday's test. Using Quizlet will help!
In addition to the vocabulary words, ensure that you understand the following:
-The differences among the three dream theories: Freudian (psychoanalytic), information-processing, and activation-synthesis. Understand which theories are modernly accepted.
-Hypnosis
-vocabulary related to hypnosis (e.g., posthypnotic suggestion)
-Is hypnosis a successful therapy?
-Psychoactive drugs (the Quizlet flash card set is incredibly valuable for this section)
-know the types (e.g., opiates, stimulants, depressants, and hallucinogens) and examples in each category
-tolerance, withdrawal, physical dependency, psychological dependency
-Sleep disorders: symptoms, treatment, which ones are most common, in which sleep stage the disorder occurs
-Sleep stages: Stages 1-4 and REM (sometimes referred to as stage 5), brain activity at each stage, REM rebound
-Priming
-Circadian rhythms
Your essay will ask you to write about one of your dreams from your dream journal, so make sure you have your journal with you on Friday. The essay will need to include various explanations and applications of the three major dream theories.
The test will be about 20-30 multiple choice questions and an essay. You will have 40 minutes to complete the exam. Bring your textbook to read the next assignment if you finish testing early.
In addition to the vocabulary words, ensure that you understand the following:
-The differences among the three dream theories: Freudian (psychoanalytic), information-processing, and activation-synthesis. Understand which theories are modernly accepted.
-Hypnosis
-vocabulary related to hypnosis (e.g., posthypnotic suggestion)
-Is hypnosis a successful therapy?
-Psychoactive drugs (the Quizlet flash card set is incredibly valuable for this section)
-know the types (e.g., opiates, stimulants, depressants, and hallucinogens) and examples in each category
-tolerance, withdrawal, physical dependency, psychological dependency
-Sleep disorders: symptoms, treatment, which ones are most common, in which sleep stage the disorder occurs
-Sleep stages: Stages 1-4 and REM (sometimes referred to as stage 5), brain activity at each stage, REM rebound
-Priming
-Circadian rhythms
Your essay will ask you to write about one of your dreams from your dream journal, so make sure you have your journal with you on Friday. The essay will need to include various explanations and applications of the three major dream theories.
The test will be about 20-30 multiple choice questions and an essay. You will have 40 minutes to complete the exam. Bring your textbook to read the next assignment if you finish testing early.
Quizlet!
Please remember to sign up for an account on quizlet. Sign in each time you review the flashcards or play a game, so it can record the highest scores.
Psychoactive Drugs: http://quizlet.com/3911092/psychoactive-drugs-flash-cards/
General States of Consciousness Vocab: http://quizlet.com/3907275/unit-5-states-of-consciousness-flash-cards/
I am offering extra credit to anyone who will create flash cards for the previous units we have studied. You can do this at home or during my office hours. Flash card sets need to be created by this Sunday night at 9pm, giving students in the class a little more than a week to study the vocabulary. Please let me know if you are interested, and I will give you more details.
Dreaming: A Recap
This site offers a solid recap on dreaming. http://health.howstuffworks.com/mental-health/sleep/dreams/dream.htm
Monday, January 3, 2011
Today's PowerPoint: States of Consciousness
Did you miss any of today's notes? Want to preview the notes for the next class? Here is the PowerPoint I showed. Please remember that there are some typos that I couldn't edit, so you will want to rely on your class notes. http://www.slideshare.net/colonelhomer/chapter-7-ap-psych-states-of-consciousness
Sunday, January 2, 2011
Great Studying Tool!
I just found this great site--I will be adding information to it soon, and we will have our own page. For now, you can use another teacher's generated list of words for the states of consciousness unit. It offers a different way to study your flashcards instead of just having them on your bedside table. http://quizlet.com/315655/mrs-maynards-ap-psychology-class-chapter-7-states-of-consciousness-flash-cards/
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